Desafios e Soluções Inovadoras em Saúde Bucal de Crianças com Deficiências: Uma Revisão Integrativa

Aline Lima Silva; Eleonora Pereira Melo; Márcia Maria Tavares Machado

doi:10.36489/saudecoletiva.2025v16i98p16470-16481

Autores/as

Aline Lima Silva Mestranda em Saúde da Mulher e da Criança. Universidade Federal do Ceará. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0879-0097
Eleonora Pereira Melo Doutoranda em Saúde Pública. Universidade Federal do Ceará. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9731-5134
Márcia Maria Tavares Machado Professora Titular do Departamento de Saúde Comunitária. Universidade Federal do Ceará. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0149-5792

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2025v16i98p16470-16481

Palabras clave:

Niños con discapacidad, Salud bucal, Promoción de la salud

Resumen

Objetivo: analizar la producción científica reciente sobre la promoción de la salud bucal en niños con discapacidad, identificando los principales desafíos y las soluciones señaladas por la literatura. Método: revisión integradora de artículos publicados entre 2019 y 2024, en inglés, extraídos de las bases Medline (PubMed), Cochrane, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source y Cinahl. Se incluyeron estudios primarios sobre salud bucal en niños con discapacidad de 0 a 12 años. Resultados: Se incluyeron 18 artículos. Los principales desafíos fueron caries dental, dificultades sensoriales y motoras en la higiene, comportamientos no cooperativos y barreras de acceso. Las soluciones destacadas fueron acciones educativas, adaptación de instrumentos, intervenciones sensoriales y estrategias de autocuidado. Algunos estudios no presentaron propuestas de acción. Conclusión: la promoción de la salud bucal en niños con discapacidad requiere estrategias interdisciplinarias y apoyo continuo a los cuidadores, con enfoque en prevención, adaptación del entorno y uso de tecnologías accesibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Eleonora Pereira Melo, Doutoranda em Saúde Pública. Universidade Federal do Ceará.

Doutoranda em Saúde Pública. Universidade Federal do Ceará.

Márcia Maria Tavares Machado, Professora Titular do Departamento de Saúde Comunitária. Universidade Federal do Ceará.

Professora Titular do Departamento de Saúde Comunitária. Universidade Federal do Ceará.

Citas

Alwadi MAM, Baker SR, Owens J. Oral health experiences and perceptions of children with disabilities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022;32(6):856-64. doi:10.1111/ipd.12985.

Hendaus MA, Shaltout D, Yasrab D, et al. Parental perception of a dental home for children with special needs. Pediatr Health Med Ther. 2020;11:379-84. doi:10.2147/PHMT.S263947.

Ferreira LRG, Ribeiro EA, Prestes GB, Brum JR. Acesso de pessoas com deficiência aos serviços de saúde bucal. Rev JRG Estudos Acad. 2024;7(14):e14999.

Sheiham A. Dental caries affects body weight, growth and quality of life in pre-school children. Br Dent J. 2006;201(10):625-6. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4814259.

Da Rosa SV, Moysés SJ, Theis LC, et al. Barriers in access to dental services hindering the treatment of people with disabilities: a systematic review. Int J Dent. 2020;2020:9076418. doi:10.1155/2020/9076418.

Stensson M, Norderyd J, Van Riper M, et al. Dental health care for children with Down syndrome: parents’ description of their children’s needs in dental health care settings. Eur J Oral Sci. 2022;130(3):e12872. doi:10.1111/eos.12872.

Tefera AT, Girma B, Adane A, et al. Dental health problems and treatment-seeking behavior among special needs school students in Amhara region, Ethiopia. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):521. doi:10.1186/s12903-021-01881-w.

Mendes KDS, Silveira RCCP, Galvão CM. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2008;17(4):758-64.

Melnyk BM, Fineout-Overholt E. Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: a guide to best practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2023.

Constance D, Subbiah R, Sukumaran A, et al. Barriers in maintaining oral health among children with cerebral palsy: parent/caregiver’s perspective. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2023;41(3):234-8. doi:10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_185_23.

Paino-Sant'Ana A, Stein MCRV, Rodrigues JVS, et al. Impact of parental care on oral health of children with intellectual disabilities from zero to six years of age. Rev Odontol UNESP. 2022;51:e20220001. doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol51.0001.

Junnarkar VS, Tong HJ, Hanna KMB, et al. Occupational and speech therapists' perceptions of their role in dental care for children with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative exploration. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022;32(6):865-76. doi:10.1111/ipd.12993.

Tsai CE, Boynton JR, Gumber S, et al. Parents of children with versus without special health care needs and oral health promotion: challenges and best practices. J Dent Child. 2024;91(1).

Castilho LS, Diniz IMA, Santos BPDR, et al. Carious lesions recurrence in children with developmental disabilities: a longitudinal study. Braz Oral Res. 2021;35:e048. doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0048.

Junnarkar VS, Tong HJ, Hanna KMB, et al. Qualitative study on barriers and coping strategies for dental care in autistic children: Parents' perspective. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2023;33(2):203-15. doi:10.1111/ipd.13032.

Zhou N, Wong HM, McGrath C. The impact of adaptive functioning and oral hygiene practices on observed tooth-brushing performance among preschool children with special health care needs. Matern Child Health J. 2019;23(12):1587-94. doi:10.1007/s10995-019-02784-7.

Sherriff A, Stewart R, Macpherson LMD, et al. Child oral health and preventive dental service access among children with intellectual disabilities, autism and other educational additional support needs: A population-based record linkage cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2023;51(3):494-502. doi:10.1111/cdoe.12847.

Takle TV, Vishwakarma PY, Dodamani AS, et al. Comparative assessment of the efficacy of the GumChucks flossing system and string floss for plaque removal in mentally disabled children: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024;17(3):255-9. doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2763.

Yadav P, Marwah N, Yadav S, Lekhwani PS. Evaluation of oral health status and brushing habits in children with autism: A cross sectional study. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024;48(2).

Stein Duker LI, Como DH, Jolette C, et al. Sensory adaptations to improve physiological and behavioral distress during dental visits in autistic children. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(6):e2316346. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16346.

Kamelia E, Rismayani L, Miko H. Feasibility test of the "BAHUTE" model: Technique for cleaning teeth in deaf children. J Int Dent Med Res. 2023;16(1).

Zhou N, Wong HM, McGrath C. Social story-based oral health promotion for preschool children with special healthcare needs: A 24-month randomized controlled trial. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2020;48(5):415-22. doi:10.1111/cdoe.12558.

Pamungkas AC, Suharsini M, Rizal F. Enhancing cognitive comprehension of dental health education using mobile apps in Down syndrome children. J Int Dent Med Res. 2024;17(1).

Kang YS, Chang YJ, Howell SR. Using a kinect-based game to teach oral hygiene in four elementary students with intellectual disabilities. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2021;34(2):606-14. doi:10.1111/jar.12839.

Rabello F, Prado HV, Angelo GL, et al. Mothers of a child with cerebral palsy: Perception on the diagnosis moment and the child's general and oral health. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin Integr. 2021;21:e210047.

Ferreira AMB, Almeida HCR, Heimer MV, et al. Oral health status and treatment needs among disabled children in Recife, Brazil. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2020;18(3):467-74. doi:10.3290/j.ohpd.a44679.

França K, Cintra G, Cardoso-Sousa L, et al. Salivary and dental plaque composition in disabled children who require home care: A cross-sectional investigation. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2022;12(3):336-44. doi:10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_15_22.