The Relation Between The Endocannabinoid System And Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy that affects many women. Its signs and symptoms mainly consist of alterations in menstrual flow caused by decreased fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity. The literature suggests a relationship between the endocannabinoid system and PCOS, indicating a possible dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The amount of hormones present in contraceptives may be harmful in the long term, especially when associated with other external factors. An alternative approach involves the use of phytocannabinoids, which help regulate FAAH activity, acting directly on the endocannabinoid system. OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this scientific article is to demonstrate the importance and address the stigma surrounding non-conventional treatments, highlighting both the benefits and drawbacks of conventional and alternative therapies. METHOD: This study was conducted using the integrative review methodology, which is divided into six stages that allow for a comprehensive and systematic search of the literature, providing a broad and in-depth understanding of the topic. RESULTS: A total of 13 articles and 1 book were used, including 1 book from 1997; 1 article from 2010; 1 from 2018; 1 from 2019; 1 from 2021; 2 from 2022; 1 from 2023; and 1 from 2024. PCOS may be related to dysfunctions in the endocannabinoid system, as previous studies have identified components of this system, such as fatty acid amides (FAAH) and cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), in ovarian follicles—suggesting an interaction between these two systems. CONCLUSION: The use of external cannabinoids such as CBD may help regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in certain cases, leading to improvements in menstrual flow, cramps, insulin sensitivity, and other symptoms. The nurse’s role in patient assessment and data collection is essential to guide and support patients in choosing the most appropriate and effective treatment for their specific condition.