A Idade É Um Fator Protetor, Enquanto a Pontuação Econômica e a Imagem Corporal São Fatores de Risco para a Preocupação com o Corpo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36489/saudecoletiva.2025v15i93p14733-14750Palavras-chave:
Comportamento Alimentar, Imagem corporal, Estudantes, Aparência Física, CorpoResumo
Este estudo investiga o impacto de fatores socioeconômicos, acadêmicos, antropométricos, comportamentais e de imagem corporal nas preocupações corporais de estudantes universitárias de Nutrição. Realizado na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil, incluiu 173 estudantes de Nutrição. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, acadêmicos, antropométricos, comportamentais e relacionados à imagem corporal, utilizando a Escala de Figuras de Stunkard, o Questionário de Desejo Alimentar e o Body Shape Questionnaire. Os resultados revelaram que 46,24% das estudantes apresentaram algum nível de preocupação corporal, sendo que 10,98% relataram preocupações severas. O status econômico (p=0,02) e as variáveis antropométricas (p=0,01) foram associados aos níveis de preocupação corporal. Observou-se que o aumento da idade reduz a chance de preocupação corporal (OR=0,84; IC95%: 0,72–0,98). Em contrapartida, o aumento na pontuação econômica (OR=1,07; IC95%: 1,03–1,12) e na Escala de Figuras de Stunkard (OR=2,10; IC95%: 1,34–3,28) está associado a uma maior chance de preocupação com o corpo. Esses achados destacam a importância de implementar intervenções que abordem as preocupações corporais entre estudantes de Nutrição.
Referências
Kapoor A, Upadhyay M, Saini N. Prevalence, patterns, and determinants of body image dissatisfaction among female undergraduate students of University of Delhi. J Fam Med Prim Care. 2022;11(5):2002–7. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1851_21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1851_21
Hosseini SA, Padhy RK. Body Image Distortion. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024.
Lôbo ILB, Mello MTD, Oliveira JRVD, Cruz MP, Guerreiro RDC, Silva A. Body image perception and satisfaction in university students. Rev Bras Cineantropometria Desempenho Hum. 2020;22:e70423. doi: 10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e70423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e70423
Thangaraju S, Karpagalakshmi R, Arumuganathan S, Usaid S, Devi Ss, Sethumadhavan V. A cross-sectional study on prevalence of eating disorder and body image disturbance among female undergraduate medical students. J Ment Health Hum Behav. 2020;25(1):53–6. doi: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_13_20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_13_20
Schaefer LM, Thompson JK. Self-objectification and disordered eating: A meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 2018;51(6):483–502. doi: 10.1002/eat.22854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22854
Silva LPR da, Tucan AR de O, Rodrigues EL, Del Ré PV, Sanches PMA, Bresan D. Dissatisfaction about body image and associated factors: A study of young undergraduate students. Einstein (São Paulo). 2019;17(4):eAO4642. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2019AO4642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2019AO4642
Aparicio-Martinez P, Perea-Moreno AJ, Martinez-Jimenez M, Redel-Macías MD, Pagliari C, Vaquero-Abellan M. Social media, thin-ideal, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes: an exploratory analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(21):4177. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214177
Chin YS, Appukutty M, Kagawa M, Gan WY, Wong JE, Poh BK. Comparison of factors associated with disordered eating between male and female Malaysian university students. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):318. doi: 10.3390/nu12020318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12020318
Assis LCD, Guedine CRDC, Carvalho PHBD. Social media use and its association with disordered eating among Nutrition Science students. J Bras Psiquiatr. 2020;69(4):220–7. doi: 10.1590/0047-2085000000288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000288
Hoteit M, Mohsen H, Bookari K, Moussa G, Jurdi N, Yazbeck N. Prevalence, correlates, and gender disparities related to eating disordered behaviors among health science students and healthcare practitioners in Lebanon: Findings of a national cross-sectional study. Front Nutr. 2022;9:956310. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.956310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.956310
Cassiano GS, Carvalho-Ferreira JP, Buckland NJ, Ulian MD, Da Cunha DT. Are dietitians with obesity perceived as competent and warm? Applying the stereotype content model to weight stigma in Brazil. Front Nutr. 2022;9:813344. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.813344. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.813344
Lopes CM, Junior OMR. The influence of the media on the eating behavior of adolescents: Eating disorders anorexia nerviosa and bulimia nerviosa. Res Soc Dev. 2022;11(13):e404111335648. doi: 10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35648. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i13.35648
Weinberger NA, Kersting A, Riedel-Heller SG, Luck-Sikorski C. Body dissatisfaction in individuals with obesity compared to normal-weight individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Facts. 2016;9(6):424–41. doi: 10.1159/000454837. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000454837
Silva JD, Silva ABJ, Oliveira AVK, Nemer ASA. Influence of the nutritional status in the risk of eating disorders among female university students of nutrition: Eating patterns and nutritional status. Ciênc saúde coletiva. 2012;17(12):3399–406. doi: 10.1590/S1413-81232012001200024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012001200024
Gordon CC, Chumlea WC, Roche AF. Stature, recumbent length, and weight. In: Lohman TG, Roche AF, Martorel T, editors. Anthropometric Standardizing Reference Manual. Human Kinetics Books, Champaign, Illinois; 1988. p. 3-8. doi: 10.1249/00005768-199208000-00020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199208000-00020
Stunkard AJ, Sørensen T, Schulsinger F. Use of the Danish Adoption Register for the study of obesity and thinness. Res Publ - Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis. 1983;60:115–20.
Evans SM, Foltin RW, Fischman MW. Food "cravings" and the acute effects of alprazolam on food intake in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Appetite. 1999;32:331–9. doi: 10.1006/appe.1998.0222. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/appe.1998.0222
Souza LB, Martins KA, Cordeiro MM, Rodrigues YS, Rafacho BPM, Bomfim RA. Do food intake and food cravings change during the menstrual cycle of young women? Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(11):686–92. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1675831. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1675831
Cooper PJ, Taylor MJ, Cooper Z, Fairburn CG. The development and validation of the body shape questionnaire. Int J Eat Disord. 1987;6(4):485–94. doi: 10.1002/1098-108X(198707)6:4<485::AID-EAT2260060405>3.0.CO;2-O. Daly M, Costigan E. Trends in eating disorder risk among U.S. college students, 2013-2021. Psychiatry Res. 2022;317:114882. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114882.
Garcia C, Castro T, Soares R. Eating behavior and body image among nutrition students at a Public University in Porto Alegre - RS. Clin Biomed Res. 2010;30(3):219-24.
Silva WR, Dias JCR, Maroco J, Campos JADB. Factors that contribute to the body image concern of female college students. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2015;18(4):785–97. doi: 10.1590/1980-5497201500040009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201500040009
Justino MIC, Enes CC, Nucci LB. Self-perceived body image and body satisfaction of adolescents. Rev Bras Saúde Materno Infant. 2020;20(3):715–24. doi: 10.1590/1806-93042020000300004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042020000300004
Moehlecke M, Blume CA, Cureau FV, Kieling C, Schaan BD. Self-perceived body image, dissatisfaction with body weight and nutritional status of Brazilian adolescents: a nationwide study. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2020;96(1):76–83. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.07.006
Daly, M., & Costigan, E. (2022). Trends in eating disorder risk among U.S. college students, 2013–2021. Psychiatry Research, 317, Article 114882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114882 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114882
Bellard AM, Cornelissen PL, Mian E, Cazzato V. The ageing body: contributing attitudinal factors towards perceptual body size estimates in younger and middle-aged women. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2021;24(1):93–105. doi: 10.1007/s00737-020-01046-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-020-01046-8
Carrard I, Rothen S, Rodgers RF. Body image concerns and intuitive eating in older women. Appetite. 2021;164:105275. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105275. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105275
Makarawung DJS, Boers MJ, Van Den Brink F, Monpellier VM, Woertman L, Mink Van Der Molen AB. The relationship of body image and weight: A cross-sectional observational study of a Dutch female sample. Clin Obes. 2023;13(1):e12569. doi: 10.1111/cob.12569. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cob.12569
Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Obesity and body image. Body Image. 2004;1(1):43–56. doi: 10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00007-X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1740-1445(03)00007-X
Kantanista A, Król-Zielińska M, Borowiec J, Osiński W. Is underweight associated with more positive body image? Results of a cross-sectional study in adolescent girls and boys. Span J Psychol. 2017;20(e8):1-6. doi: 10.1017/sjp.2017.4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2017.4
Kops NL, Bessel M, Knauth DR, Caleffi M, Wendland EM. Body image (dis)satisfaction among low-income adult women. Clin Nutr. 2019;38(3):1317–23. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.022
Bailey AP, Parker AG, Colautti LA, Hart LM, Liu P, Hetrick SE. Mapping the evidence for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in young people. J Eat Disord. 2014;2(1):5. doi: 10.1186/2050-2974-2-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-2974-2-5
Bandeira YER, Mendes ALDRF, Cavalcante ACM, Arruda SPM. Body image evaluation of Nutrition students at a private college in Fortaleza. J Bras Psiquiatr. 2016;65(2):168–73. doi: 10.1590/0047-2085000000194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000119
Bosi MLM, Luiz RR, Morgado CMDC, Costa MLDS, Carvalho RJD. Self-perception of body image among nutrition students: a study in the city of Rio de Janeiro. J Bras Psiquiatr. 2006;55(2):108–13. doi: 10.1590/S0047-20852006000200003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0047-20852006000200003
Reis ASD, Soares LP. Nutrition students present risk for eating disorders. Rev Bras Ciênc Saúde. 2017;21(4):281–90. doi: 10.22478/ufpb.2317-6032.2017v21n4.29881. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.2317-6032.2017v21n4.29881
Mahn HM, Lordly D. A review of eating disorders and disordered eating amongst nutrition students and dietetic professionals. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2015;76(1):38–43. doi: 10.3148/cjdpr-2014-031. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2014-031
Silva NLND, Soares TO, Neves CM, Meireles JFF, Carvalho PHBD, Ferreira MEC. Body dissatisfaction and body-checking and eating behavior in undergraduate students in Physical Education, Nutrition and Aesthetics. Rev Bras Ciênc E Mov. 2017;25(2):99–106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31501/rbcm.v25i2.6275
Rodgers RF, Rousseau A. Social media and body image: Modulating effects of social identities and user characteristics. Body Image. 2022;41:284–91. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.02.009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.02.009
Harrer M, Adam SH, Messner EM, Baumeister H, Cuijpers P, Bruffaerts R. Prevention of eating disorders at universities: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 2020;53(6):813–33. doi: 10.1002/eat.23224. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23224
